Subject Directories 
Subject directories provide  lists of Web sites that have been organized by human beings.  If your topic is included, you can often find good starting points by using a subject directory.  Subject directories usually offer you two search approaches -- you can select a general topical area, and then narrow down; or, you can begin with a keyword search. Subject directories cover only a small fraction of all Internet resources. Examples: Yahoo!  is best known overall; commercial sites comprise about 75% of its database. Librarians' Index to the Internet lists high quality Web resources, selected by librarians..
 
Search Engines
Humans organize and catalog subject directories.  Current estimates are that there are about 9 million new Internet resources per day. Subject directories can cover only a small portion of what's available. Search engines, by contrast, use computer programs called spiders or robots to crawl the Web and bring back information about publicly accessible resources. When you use a search engine, you type keywords into a search box.   The search engine searches its database and gives you back a results list that has links to Internet resources that have the terms.  To retrieve results focused on your topic, you must formulate your search statement in ways required by the specific search engine you are using.  Google is the largest and most popular search engine.
 
Meta-Search Tools
There are a number of  tools that broadcast a search to more than one search engine.  It is important to note, however, that although meta-searching has the advantage of simplifying queries, you are not able to take full advantage of specific search options offered by each specific search engine. It is best to use a meta-search engine when you have a very specific or unusual search term to gauge the extent of Web resources. Examples: Dogpile; Profusion. 
 
  Summary    
Subject directories Made by humans; cover only part of the Internet Use in initial searching or when you want general information.
Search engines Made by computer programs; cover large portions of the Internet Use for specific, focused searching.
Meta-search tools Broadcast search to a number of search engines; search precision is sacrificed.  Use if you have a very specific or unusual search term, or just to gauge what's out there.
 
To get to the library's list of search engines, meta-search tools, and subject directories: 
  1. Go to the Cabrillo College Library homepage  <http://libwww.cabrillo.cc.ca.us>
  2. Click on Search the Internet
 

T. N. Smalley  7/99; last rev. 8/05